开敞空间可燃气云爆炸冲击波超压及灾害动力响应研究评述

为了进一步梳理和分析开敞空间可燃云爆炸冲击波超压传播规律及灾害动力响应方面的各项研究成果,推进可燃气体爆炸安全防控,减少人员伤亡和经济损失。在分析现有研究的基础上,总结开敞空间可燃气云爆炸冲击波超压传播规律及灾害动力响应研究等方面存在的不足,提出开敞空间多元混合气体爆炸冲击波超压传播规律研究、多影响参数下可燃气云爆炸冲击波超压传播规律定量分析、基于可燃气云爆炸冲击波超压作用下的承载体动力响应等未来研究的关键技术问题。     

中亚热带次生林成林规律及经营技术研究——Ⅲ.次生林数量动态与经营的生态经济对策

本文通过种群自我调节的规律以及Leslie模型进行数量动态分析,从而提出了次生林数量动态与经营的生态经济对策。     

钢铁酸洗废液的资源化处理技术

钢铁酸洗废液中含有大量的酸和铁盐，已被各国作为危险废物进行管理，多年来，研究者已经研究出多种有效、可行的资源化处理方法和技术，从技术成熟性、工艺特性、工艺关键、过程控制、应用前景和发展方向等方面介绍了技术上比较成熟和具有良好前景的7种主要方法，以利于保护环境和酸洗废液资源化处理技术的进步。     

A Reliability and Risk Analysis System for Multipurpose Reservoir Operation

This paper proposes a reliability analysis system, which can be widely applied to the cases in which a reservoir is operated to meet several purposes such as flood control, energy generation, irrigation, domestic and industrial water supply, etc. The presented system has a structure of three levels.1. Decision-making.2. Tradeoff analysis.3. The third level that mainly consists of three subsystems:i – The reservoir flood risk analysis subsystem by flood control simulation.ii – The benefit promotion subsystem of reservoir operation using Stochastic Dynamic Programming. In this subsystem, the Lagrange multipliers are introduced into the objective function to take into account the water supply failures. This method guarantees that each run of the SDP will necessarily derive a non-inferior policy for reservoir operation.iii – The reservoir operation simulation subsystem to derive the performance indices associated with the reservoir operation policies. With the input and feedback between the second level and the subsystems of the third level, a great deal of efficient operation policies and the associated performance indices can be obtained. Then the tradeoff relationships between different performance indices can be derived for the decision makers. With application to Yudong Reservoir in Yunnan province of China, the presented analysis system is practically tested.     

湖泊水环境保护功能区划分

在浓度场基础上，利用总磷、总氮和ＣＯＤ三项指标的综合指数法，结合管理部门提供的资料，划分了滇不不环境保护功能区，给出了划分指标值及功能区划分图。     

拓扑指数在定量结构生物降解性关系中的应用

本文采用二氧化碳生成量实验，对训练组有机物，利用逐步回归分析程序，从计算和十四种分子连接性指数中筛选出与生物降解性最为相关的分子结构描述参数，建立定量结构－生物降解性关系模型，其相关系数为０．９３１，利用该模型对预测组质的预测结果表明，此模型对芳香化合物的好氧生物降解性具有良好的预测能力，其正确预测率达８３．３％。     

Scenarios of major terrestrial ecosystems in China

The spatial pattern and mean-center shift of major terrestrial ecosystems, termed Holdridge Life Zones (HLZ), during the periods from 1961 to 1990 (T1), from 2010 to 2039 (T2), from 2040 to 2069 (T3) and from 2070 to 2099 (T4) were analyzed by combining the zonal patterns of climatic change in China and the climatic change scenarios of HadCM2 and HadCM3. The results showed that nival area would decrease rapidly with temperature increase in the future. HadCM2 and HadCM3 predicted that the nival areas might disappear in 552 years and 204 years, respectively. Using both HadCM2 and HadCM3, the five HLZ types with the largest areal extent are nival zone, cool temperate moist forest, warm temperate moist forest, subtropical moist forest and boreal wet forest, which collectively account for more than 50% of China's land mass. Among these five HLZ types, nival zone, warm temperate moist forest and boreal wet forest would decrease continuously, whereas subtropical moist forest and cool temperate forest would increase continuously during the four periods. HLZ diversity and patch connectivity would increase continuously in the 21st century. The shift distances of mean centers of HLZ types simulated using HadCM3 were markedly greater than those simulated using HadCM2, in general. The results from both HadCM2 and HadCM3 showed that boreal wet forest, subtropical moist forest, tropical dry forest, warm temperate moist forest and subtropical wet forest had bigger shift ranges, indicating that these HLZ types are more sensitive to the climatic change scenarios of HadCM2 and HadCM3.     

一种赤腹松鼠种群数量的估计方法

赤腹松鼠剥食树皮的行为对林木危害严重,根据野外长期的观察和研究发现,赤腹松鼠在剥落树皮上遗留下来的上门齿齿印间距具有个体差异,可以用作个体识别的依据.对2003年监测样地内赤腹松鼠在剥落树皮上的齿印间距测量记录,并统计分析以估计赤腹松鼠的个体数量.结果表明:种群数量与危害率的相关系数为0.876,P=0.01,表现出很强的正相关关系;显示在较小面积内,该方法可以用来估计赤腹松鼠的个体数量.同时对该方法的基本条件和局限进行了讨论.图2表4参10     

过氧化氢酶活性及活性抑制的紫外分光光度测定

在体内实验条件下，测定了鲤鱼肝脏过氧化氢酶的活性。实验结果表明，过氧化氢酶的紫外分光光度法是可靠的，活性抑制结果表明，对－二硝基苯对鲤鱼肝脏过氧化氢酶无有明显的抑制作用。鲤鱼肝脏过氧化氢酶可作为一项指标用于生态毒理学研究。     

中亚热带次生林成林规律及经营技术研究——Ⅱ.次生林的演替规律

本文研究了湖南省中亚热带次生林的种群动态,建立了静态生命表、存活曲线、结构模型以及材积或生物量动态模型,提出了中亚热带次生林的演替基本模式。